Working principle of capacitor

The plug-in electrolytic capacitor is composed of a plate at both ends and an insulating dielectric (including air) in the center. After power, the plate is charged to form a voltage (potential difference), but because of the insulating material in the center, the entire capacitor is not conductive. However, this condition is not beyond the critical voltage of the capacitor (breakdown voltage) conditions. We know that any substance is relatively insulated, when the voltage at both ends of the substance increases to a certain level, the substance can conduct electricity, we call this voltage is called breakdown voltage. Plug-in electrolytic capacitor is not an exception, after the capacitor is broken down, it is not an insulator.

However, in the middle school stage, such a voltage is not seen in the circuit, so it is operated below the breakdown voltage and can be seen as an insulator. However, in AC circuits, because the direction of the current is changed at any time into a certain functional relationship. The process of capacitor charge and discharge is time, at this time, the electric field is changed between the plates, and the electric field is also a function of time change. In practice, the current is passed between plug-in electrolytic capacitors by way of a field.